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A number of fungal species that form typical ectomycorrhizas with both gymnosperm and angiosperm tree species also colonize roots of Arbutus and Arctostaphylos to form arbutoid mycorrhizas. Most of these are broad host range fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota, meaning that they show little specificity as to the hosts that they colonize. Studies reported in the literature suggest the non-specificity of these plant genera to mycorrhizal fungi.
Most information concerning the fungi forming mycorrhizas with Pyrola is based on the hyphal characteristics from roots processed for microscopy. Hyphae with either dolipore septa or simple septa with Woronin bodies have been described, indicating the presence of basidiomycete and ascomycete fungi, respectively.
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