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The main features of ectendomycorrhizas are the colonization of short roots, the development of a thin mantle, a Hartig net, and intracellular hyphae. As with ectomycorrhizas, ectendomycorrhizal fungi induce the typical dichotomy of short roots in Pinus species.
Clusters of dichotomous short roots often develop. The thin mantle may not be apparent when roots are viewed at low magnification, but at higher magnification mantle features, such as branching of hyphae, can be seen. In early stages of mantle formation, hyphae may surround root hairs, while others can be seen embedded in a mucilage on the root surface. Extraradical hyphae are not usually abundant.
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